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Autonomous
Driving

Sensors & Hardware

Tensor combines multiple long- and short-range sensing technologies to virtually eliminate blind spots, cross-verify data, and maximize perception accuracy. This diversity ensures reliable performance in low light, glare, bad weather, or even when individual sensors are obstructed.

Tensor Halo & Sentinel Lidar

Tensor Robocar features five state-of-the-art lidars, including the Tensor Halo — the world’s highest-resolution automotive-grade lidar — capable of projecting 25.6 million beams per second for a complete 360° safety shield. Paired with four ultra-wide Sentinel blind-spot lidars, this system delivers unmatched perception, built-in redundancy, and rock-solid reliability — even in rain, fog, or snow — to maximize both safety and performance.
Highest-Resolution CameraTensor Trinova Hyper-RadarCleaning, Defroster & Anti-Flare
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Tensor Halo & Sentinel Lidar

Highest-Resolution Camera

Tensor is equipped with 17 ultra-high-resolution exterior cameras, each delivering stunning 17-megapixel clarity for safer, more precise autonomous driving. Powered by advanced AI image processing, seamlessly synchronized with lidar, and enhanced by exclusive under-chassis vision, Tensor captures every angle — in any condition, even complete darkness.
Tensor Trinova Hyper-RadarCleaning, Defroster & Anti-Flare
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Tensor Halo & Sentinel LidarHighest-Resolution Camera

Tensor Trinova Hyper-Radar

Each Tensor Robocar is equipped with six Tensor Trinova hyper-radars — the world’s first capable of detecting both stationary and moving objects across all distances simultaneously. With advanced 4D imaging and ultra-fine resolution, they provide an unparalleled level of situational awareness and safety that conventional radars simply can’t match.
Cleaning, Defroster & Anti-Flare
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Tensor Halo & Sentinel LidarHighest-Resolution CameraTensor Trinova Hyper-Radar

Cleaning, Defroster & Anti-Flare

Just like your eyes need a clear view, so do Tensor’s sensors. With self-cleaning micro wipers, retractable nozzles, ultra-high-pressure pumps, and anti-fog heating, every camera and lidar stays crystal clear in any weather — ensuring safe, dependable autonomous driving in real-world conditions.
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Audio
Tensor employs four external microphone arrays to detect and pinpoint emergency vehicle sirens — often before they’re visible. This early warning allows the Robocar to respond appropriately, such as pulling over safely, while also enabling clear communication with emergency responders and tele-guidance teams.
Navigation
Tensor fuses GNSS, inertial sensors, wheel encoders, lidars, and cameras to achieve pinpoint-accurate localization. With RTK GNSS and triple 5G connectivity, it maintains rock-solid positioning even in the most complex urban or off-road environments.
Enhanced 5G Connectivity
Tensor delivers always-on 5G performance through three independent links, powered by Qualcomm and Continental. Region-specific modules ensure seamless global coverage — enabling autonomy, tele-guidance, and rich in-cabin experiences without interruption.

Water Detection

Tensor safeguards against flooding with front wading-depth sensors, eight chassis-mounted immersion detectors, and the ability to autonomously relocate to higher ground. With a class-leading 26.4-inch wading depth, it keeps you moving safely — even when others can’t.

High Precision Structure

Tensor’s body is purpose-built for autonomy, crafted from just two ultra-precise die-cast parts instead of the typical 60. This lightweight yet rigid structure ensures exceptional sensor alignment, uncompromising safety, and the rock-solid performance essential for reliable AI perception.

Zonal ECU

Packed with over 100 cutting-edge sensors and components — far beyond a typical EV — Tensor Robocar is meticulously engineered to meet the highest automotive-grade standards. Its zonal Electrical and Electronic Architecture reduces complexity, enhances reliability, and delivers the performance and safety essential for full autonomy.

Supercomputer on Wheels

  • HorsePower → Brain Power
  • Motor Power → Compute Power
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Compute power

Powered by eight NVIDIA DRIVE AGX Thor SoCs based on the cutting-edge Blackwell GPU architecture, Tensor delivers over 8,000 TOPS of GPU performance — the most of any vehicle — with triple-layer safety redundancy for Level 4 autonomy.

Redundancy

Alongside Nvidia’s processors, Tensor’s supercomputer integrates advanced chips from Texas Instruments, NXP, and Renesas — adding layers of safety, security, and real-time performance that meet the highest ASIL-D automotive standards.

Massive Data Processing

With 10 GPUs, 144 CPU cores, and high-speed processors streaming over 53 gigabits of sensor data per second  (~1,000x faster than typical home internet), Tensor delivers the real-time intelligence needed for advanced autonomy.

Foundation Model

The Tensor autonomous driving system is powered by our advanced AI built on top of the state-of-the-art neural network algorithms — the Tensor Foundation Model.

Tensor’s AI is entirely data-driven, learning every aspect of driving—including perception, prediction, and planning—from vast amounts of real-world and simulated data. 

Data-driven AI

Scaling our deep learning approach demands extensive computing infrastructure and vast amounts of high-quality data. Tensor heavily invests in infrastructure for large-scale data collection, visualization, ground-truth generation, machine learning training and evaluation.

Powered by Oracle—one of the world’s largest cloud providers—we’ve built an extensive data-processing infrastructure, enabling continuous performance improvement.

Multimodal

Sensor  Fusion

Our multi-model AI leverages sensor fusion, integrating video streams from ultra-high-resolution cameras, lidars, radars, and directional audio microphones. This combination significantly enhances performance—both in precision and reliability—particularly in challenging conditions such as severe weather, sun glare, or nighttime driving. 

Immitation

Learning from Human Data

Tensor’s AI is trained on data collected by expert drivers using a full sensor suite to capture ideal driving behavior. Advanced imitation learning algorithms replicate these optimal actions, enabling the AI to handle complex scenarios with human-like skill and adaptability.

State-of-the-art

Transformer

Tensor’s AI uses advanced Transformer-based neural networks to understand and predict the behavior of drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians in real time. By analyzing how road users interact with each other, it makes intelligent, natural, and safe driving decisions in complex scenarios.

Multimodal

Visual Language Model

Tensor’s AI combines two complementary systems: fast, instinctive reactions for real-time driving and deep, deliberate reasoning for complex or rare scenarios. Powered by a multimodal Visual Language Model running entirely on its onboard supercomputer, it excels at recognizing and navigating unexpected “corner cases” with human-like judgment.

Dual approach with

No Map Dependency

Tensor’s AI blends High-Definition 3D maps with live camera and lidar data, using maps when reliable and instantly switching to real-time perception when they’re not. This dual approach combines the foresight of pre-mapped roads with the adaptability of on-the-spot recognition, ensuring safe, accurate driving in any situation.

Large-scale

Simulation & Evaluation

Validated through real-world testing, massive datasets, and high-fidelity simulations, Tensor’s Foundation Model delivers state-of-the-art perception, prediction, and planning. Its proven performance ensures safe navigation even in the most complex, dynamic environments.

MRM

Minimal Risk Maneuver

Tensor’s software features primary, secondary, and emergency layers to ensure safe operation in any scenario. If issues arise, control shifts to backup systems or an emergency stop, with a Minimal Risk Maneuver guiding the vehicle to the safest possible state.

AEB

Collision Avoidance

Tensor’s independent Automatic Emergency Braking system uses near-range lidar to detect imminent collisions and intervene at the last moment. This approach greatly improves reliability in challenging conditions like nighttime or glare, providing dependable protection when it’s needed most.

Advanced AI

Collision Detection

Tensor’s collision detection system combines lidar, Inertial Measurement Units, and 16 mechanical-wave-based sensors to identify incidents with precision. By integrating this data, the AI helps prevent secondary injuries, enhancing safety for both occupants and other road users.

Personal Robocar
Beyond RoboTaxi

When most people hear the term "self-driving car," they envision a personal vehicle capable of full autonomy. However, today’s Level 4 autonomous vehicles are mostly RoboTaxis—vehicles that return to a centralized depot frequently for onerous maintenance, sensor cleaning, software updates, frequent hardware checks and replacement. In other words, today's RoboTaxi fleets rarely leave the careful supervision of their operators, making them fundamentally different from the personal Robocars consumers truly desire.

Tensor is the world’s first mass-produced, fully automotive-grade Robocar.
Partnered with VinFast for production in its state-of-the-art plants; meets mass production quality standards.
Automotive-grade Volume-production


From the very beginning, we set out to build a purpose-designed, L4-ready Robocar from a clean slate—allowing us to tackle complex technical and non-technical challenges in innovative ways. This has been a truly monumental engineering undertaking, the result of years of relentless development to meet the highest standards of safety, durability, and everyday usability.
Every single component in a personal Robocar must be automotive-grade, designed to perform reliably for years without frequent breakdowns or repairs. Tensor is proud to be the first mass-produced, fully automotive-grade Robocar in the world. Unlike aftermarket retrofits, Tensor is built from the ground up within an advanced passenger-car manufacturing plant, engineered specifically for sustained, everyday consumer use.
Tensor has partnered with VinFast, a global electric vehicle manufacturer, to produce the Tensor vehicles using VinFast’ state-of-the-art automotive manufacturing plants. All Tensor vehicles are designed and manufactured with automotive massive production quality requirements.
Autonomous Sensor Cleaning
Tensor features the industry’s most advanced cleaning system for autonomous driving sensors, with dedicated wipers, washer nozzles, and defrosters for every lidar and camera. An oversized washer-fluid reservoir with intelligent level sensors ensures long-lasting performance, even allowing the vehicle to drive itself to a service center for a refill.
Self-protection with Sensor Covers
Tensor is the world’s first vehicle with automatic protective covers that close when the car is parked or not in autonomous mode. These covers keep sensors clean and protect delicate optics from dirt, debris, and environmental hazards.
Autonomous Self-Inspection
Tensor uses specialized sensors and advanced AI to perform detailed self-checks before activating autonomous mode. A dedicated infrared camera monitors lidar lenses and windshield glass, instantly detecting scratches or damage that could impact safety.
Fast Startup
Tensor’s integrated hardware and software enable rapid boot-up and quick self-checks, so you’re never kept waiting. Its predictive AI learns your habits and prepares the vehicle in advance, ensuring it’s ready the moment you are.
Autonomous Parking
Tensor’s advanced AI parking system works even in areas without GNSS or 5G, such as underground garages or home spaces. With under-chassis infrared cameras for obstacle detection and HomeLink integration for automatic garage access, it delivers truly hands-free parking.
Autonomous Charging
Tensor supports fully autonomous charging with an auto-opening port cover featuring anti-pinch safety. Compatible with robotic systems from Rocsys and Brose, it can recharge itself at home so it’s always ready to go.
Autonomous Diagnostics
Tensor uses advanced onboard and remote diagnostics to detect issues and coordinate with service teams automatically. Its full over-the-air update system refreshes software and firmware across all components without any physical intervention.
Autonomous Maintenance
With Level 4 autonomy, Tensor can deliver itself to your door, drop you off at the airport, and return when it’s time to pick you up. It can also head out on its own for charging, maintenance, or a car wash, removing many of the everyday chores of car ownership. Ensuring it’s always ready for your next journey, Tensor is designed to serve you—expanding your freedom and redefining what it means to own a car.

Switch to RoboTaxi

Personal Robocar technology is more advanced than the technology required for retrofitted RoboTaxi fleets that constantly rely on human maintenance. Of course, Tensor Robocar owners can effortlessly convert their Robocar into a RoboTaxi.

Simply activate RoboTaxi mode in the Tensor system, choose one or multiple ride-hailing platforms, and watch your vehicle autonomously generate income for you whenever it’s not in use.

Ground-up design with multi-level autonomy

Unlike RoboTaxis built solely for full autonomy, Tensor’s personal Robocar is the world’s first to provide all levels of autonomy with seamless flexibility:

• Level 0 manual driving

• Level 2 assisted driving

• Level 3 conditional self-driving

• Level 4 complete autonomous driving

Tensor’s dedicated hardware, software, and intuitive user interface are designed from ground up specifically for these personal use cases, natively supporting Level 4 autonomy while effortlessly accommodating Level 0, Level 2 and Level 3 driving modes. This means you get a unified, easy-to-use experience across all driving scenarios without confusion or complexity, whether you want to drive yourself, get a little help, or let your car handle the entire journey.